Piriformis syndrome (PS) is a disease characterized by pain and tenderness in the buttocks, sciatica, and sitting intolerance. Due to few verified standardized tests, the diagnosis of PS is one of exclusion. Common treatment options include lifestyle modifications, stretching, physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medication, and injecting the piriformis muscle with adjuvants. However, optimal therapeutic management is difficult to choose in refractory cases. Here, we report the case of a 33-year-old woman with refractory PS successfully treated with pulsed radiofrequency treatment to the piriformis muscle.

Keywordspiriformis syndrome, piriformis muscle, diagnosis, treatment, pulsed radiofrequency, ultrasound.